Mac Easy 2010 May/Mac Life Ubuntu.iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs/usr/share/gnome/help/about-ubuntu/zh_CN/about-ubuntu.xml

Extensible Markup Language | 2009-04-28 | 46.9 KB | 561 lines

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../libs/global.ent">
<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
<!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide">
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Jaunty Jackalope">
<!ENTITY distro-rev "9.04">
<!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2009">
<!ENTITY distro-short-codename "jaunty">
<!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Ubuntu 9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope">
<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.27">
<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.3.1">
<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.8">
<!ENTITY python-version "2.5">
<!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml">
<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../libs/C/legalnotice.xml">
<!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/">
<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
<!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com">
<!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode">
<!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu">
<!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu">
<!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu">
<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-support "http://www.ubuntu.com/support">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/paid">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/free">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-marketplace "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/marketplace">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-hwdb "http://hwdb.ubuntu.com">
<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XChatHowto">
<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">
<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToGetHelp">
<!ENTITY transcode "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DVDRippingandEncoding">
<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine">
<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Cedega">
<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">
<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BasicCommands">
<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions">
<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/edgy/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-edgy/ship">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://kubuntuforums.net">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "https://wiki.kubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://www.kubuntu.org/support.php">
<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-web "http://www.xubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY xubuntu-main "http://www.xubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY xubuntu-web-help "http://www.xubuntu.org/help">
<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
<!ENTITY xfce "http://www.xfce.org/">
<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/">
<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
<!ENTITY Breton "br">
<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
<!ENTITY Czech "cs">
<!ENTITY Welsh "cy">
<!ENTITY Danish "da">
<!ENTITY German "de">
<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
<!ENTITY Greek "el">
<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
<!ENTITY Fiji "fj">
<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
<!ENTITY French "fr">
<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
<!ENTITY Irish "ga">
<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
<!ENTITY Hausa "ha">
<!ENTITY Hindi "hi">
<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
<!ENTITY Italian "it">
<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
<!ENTITY Latin "la">
<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
<!ENTITY Maori "mi">
<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
<!ENTITY Malay "ms">
<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
<!ENTITY Nauru "na">
<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
<!ENTITY Dutch "nl">
<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
<!ENTITY Afan "om">
<!ENTITY Oromo "om">
<!ENTITY Oriya "or">
<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
<!ENTITY Shona "sn">
<!ENTITY Somali "so">
<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
<!ENTITY Tamil "ta">
<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
<!ENTITY Tajik "tg">
<!ENTITY Thai "th">
<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
<!ENTITY Tonga "to">
<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
<!ENTITY Tatar "tt">
<!ENTITY Twi "tw">
<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
<!ENTITY Urdu "ur">
<!ENTITY Uzbek "uz">
<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
<!ENTITY Wolof "wo">
<!ENTITY Xhosa "xh">
<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
<!ENTITY Zulu "zu">
<!ENTITY % gnome-menus-C SYSTEM "../../libs/gnome-menus-C.ent">
<!-- MENUS --><!-- Please keep entries alphabetical, it makes them much easier to find & use --><!ENTITY about-me "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>About-me</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY accessories "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY acro-read "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Acrobat Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY administration "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY aisleriot "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Games</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>AisleRiot Solitaire</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY amule "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>aMule</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY anjuta-ide "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Anjuta IDE</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY archive-man "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Archive Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY assistive-technology-preferences "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Assistive Technology Support</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY audacity "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY azureus "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Azureus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY baobab "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Disk Usage Analyzer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bittorrent "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Bittorrent</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY blender3d "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Blender 3d modeller</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bluefish "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Bluefish Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY boot "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Boot</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY brasero "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Brasero Disc Burning</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bum "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Boot-up Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bzrgtk "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Programming</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Olive bazaar Branch Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY calculator "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Calculator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY character-map "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Character Map</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY compizconfig "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>CompizConfig Settings Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY computer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Computer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY connecttoserver "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Connect to Server...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY cowbell "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Cowbell Music Organizer</guimenuitem>    </menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY chromium "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Chromium</guisubmenu></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY computer-janitor "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>System Janitor</guisubmenu></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY desktop-background "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Desktop Background</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY desktop-effects "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Appearance</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Visual Effects</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY desktop-preferences "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY devhelp "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Programming</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY device-manager "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Hardware Information</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY dictionary "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Dictionary</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY disks "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Disks</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY downloader-x "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Downloader for X</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY eclipse-ide "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Eclipse IDE</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY ekiga "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Ekiga Softphone</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY efax-gtk "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Efax-gtk</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY etherape "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Etherape</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY evolution-mail "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Evolution Mail</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY file-management "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>File Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY firefox "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Firefox Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY firestarter-firewall-tool "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Firestarter</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY five-or-more "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Games</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Five or More</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY font "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Font</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY f-spot "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>F-Spot Photo Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY frozen-bubble "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Frozen Bubble</guisubmenu></menuchoice> to play <application>Frozen Bubble</application>">
<!ENTITY gambas "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY games "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Games</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gdesklets "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Accessories</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>gDesklets</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gftp "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>gFTP</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gimp "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>GIMP Image Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gnome-app-install "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Add/Remove...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gnome-config-editor "<screen><command>gconf-editor</command></screen>">
<!ENTITY gnome-sound-recorder "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Sound Recorder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gparted "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration </guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Gnome Partition Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY graphics "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gthumb "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>gThumb Image Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gtkpod "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>gtkpod</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gnucash "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>GnuCash Finance Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gxine "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>gxine</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY home-folder "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Home Folder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY homebank "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>HomeBank</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY hubackup "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Backup</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY hurestore "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Restore</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY inkscape "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Inkscape SVG Vector Illustrator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY internet "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<?yelp:chunk-depth 0?>
<article lang="zh_CN">
    <articleinfo>
  <title>Ubuntu - 献给全人类的 Linux！</title>

    <legalnotice id="legal">
        <title>致谢与许可</title>
        <para>本文档由 Ubuntu 文档团队(https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam)维护。贡献者名单详见<ulink url="../../libs/C/contributors.xml">贡献者页面</ulink></para>
        <para>本文档系基于 Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 License (CC-BY-SA)授权许可发布。</para>
        <para>您可以在该许可证的条款下自由地修改、扩展，以及改进本 Ubuntu 文档的源码。所有的衍生作品必须在本许可下发布。</para>
        <para>本文档发布的目的是期望能发挥一定作用。但我们不提供任何担保；甚至如免责声明中所说那样对特定目标的适销性或用于某一特定目的适用性也不提供任何形式(包括默许)的担保。</para>
        <para>该授权许可的副本可以在这里找到：<ulink url="/usr/share/ubuntu-docs/libs/C/ccbysa.xml">Creative Commons ShareAlike License</ulink>。</para>
    </legalnotice>
<copyright>
    <year>2008</year>
    <holder>Canonical 公司和<ulink url="https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc">Ubuntu文档项目</ulink>的成员</holder>
</copyright>
<publisher>
    <publishername>Ubuntu文档项目</publishername>
</publisher>

    </articleinfo>
       <para>本节是对 Ubuntu 的简介。其解释了 Ubuntu 的理念和根源，给出了关于如何参与到 Ubuntu 中的信息，以及指出如何通过 Ubuntu 获得帮助。</para>
    <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="../../libs/img/ubuntuheader.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
  <textobject>
    <phrase>Ubuntu 徽标</phrase>
  </textobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
            <para>感谢您关注 Ubuntu 9.04- the <emphasis>Jaunty Jackalope</emphasis> - 将于2009年4月发行</para>
        <para>Ubuntu 是一个完全开源的，构建在<emphasis>Linux</emphasis>内核之上的操作系统。Ubuntu 社群紧紧围绕着<ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">Ubuntu 宣言</ulink>的理念而构建：软件应可免费取得，软件工具在各种语言环境下皆可使用，且不会有任何功能上的差异；人们应有定制和修改软件的自由，且方式不受限制，只要他们自认为合适。基于这些理由：<itemizedlist>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>Ubuntu 的将永远是免费的，而且没有收取额外费用的“企业版”，我们用我们的最好的工作，向每个人提供同样的免费的条款。</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>Ubuntu 包含了自由软件社区所能提供的顶尖翻译和可访问性架构，以使得尽可能多的人能用上 Ubuntu。</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>Ubuntu 将定期并有计划地不断发布；每六个月就会有一个新版本。您可以使用当前稳定版本或开发版本，我们将为每个版本提供至少 18 个月的支持。</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>Ubuntu 完全遵从开源软件开发的原则；我们鼓励人们使用、改良和传播开源软件。</para>
                    </listitem>
                </itemizedlist></para>
        <para>更多相关信息，请访问 <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu 网站</ulink>。</para>

            <sect1 id="about-ubuntu-name" status="review">
                    <title>Ubuntu 的由来</title>
                            <para>Ubuntu代表了一种南非民族关于忠诚和人与人之间关系的理念。这个单词从祖鲁语和科萨人使用的班图语发展而来。Ubuntu被认为是一种南非的传统概念，也是新南非共和国的创立理念之一，并且与非洲复兴的理念有关。</para>
                            <para>Ubuntu 精神的大意是“人道待人”（对他人仁慈）。另一种翻译可以是：“天下共享的信念，连接起每个人”。</para>
            <blockquote><attribution>大主教 Desmond Tutu</attribution>
                <para>“具有 ubuntu 精神的人心胸开阔，乐于助人，见贤思齐而不忌妒贤能，因为他/她拥有适度的自信，而这源自如下认识：自己乃是属于一个更大的整体，当他人受到伤害或死去时，当他人受到折磨或压迫时，这个整体就会消失。”</para>
            </blockquote>
                        <para>作为一个基于自由软件的平台， Ubuntu 操作系统给软件世界带来了 ubuntu 精神。</para>
        </sect1>
                <sect1 id="free-software" status="review">
                    <title>自由软件</title>
                            <para>Ubuntu 项目完全忠于自由软件开发的原则；鼓励人们使用、改进和传播自由软件。</para>
                    <para>“自由软件”并不意味着您不用为其付费(尽管 Ubuntu 也是免费的)。它意味着您应当能够用任何您想要的方式使用该软件：构成自由软件的代码能够被任何人以任何方式下载、修改和使用。这种自由除了有意识形态上的好处之外，同时还拥有技术上优势：进行程序开发时，可以使用他人辛勤工作的成果，并以此为基础进行开发。对于非自由软件来说，这是绝不可能发生的，进行程序开发时，他们必须从头做起。因此，自由软件的开发迅速、高效而且令人振奋！</para>
            <para>您可以在 <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">GNU 网站</ulink> 上找到关于自由软件及其背后的意识形态哲学和技术哲学的更多信息。</para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="ubuntu-difference" status="review">
                    <title>区别</title>
                        <para>基于 Linux 的操作系统有很多种：比如 Debian, SuSE, Gentoo, Red Hat 以及 Mandriva。Ubuntu 是这个充满竞争的领域的一个新的挑战者。那么，是什么使得 Ubuntu 如此与众不同？</para>
                        <para>Debian 是一个广受称道、技术先进且有着良好支持的发行版，Ubuntu 正是基于 Debian 之上，旨在创建一个可以为桌面和服务器提供一个最新且一贯的 Linux 系统。Ubuntu 囊括了大量精挑细选自 Debian 发行版的软件包，同时保留了 Debian 强大的软件包管理系统，以便简易的安装或彻底的删除程序。与大多数发行版附带数量巨大的可用可不用的软件不同，Ubuntu 的软件包清单只包含那些高质量的重要应用程序。</para>
                        <para>通过对质量的注重，Ubuntu 提供了一个健壮、功能丰富的计算机环境，既满足家用又适合商业环境。本项目花费了大量时间精益求精，每六个月就能放出一个版本，提供当前最新最强大的软件。Ubuntu 有 32 位和 64 位版本，能够在大多数现代计算机上运行，同时也支持 Sun UltraSPARC 以及 Amazon EC2 构架。</para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="ubuntu-desktop" status="review">
                    <title>桌面</title>
                        <para>桌面是指当您登录进入您的电脑之后，用来运行程序和管理数据的环境。Ubuntu缺省的桌面环境是<ulink url="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</ulink>，一个适用于UNIX和Linux平台的桌面环境和开发平台。</para>
                        <para>若要获得不一样的视觉及操作感受，您也可以选择安装<ulink url="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</ulink>和<ulink url="http://www.xfce.org/">Xfce</ulink>桌面环境。KDE 和 Xfce 在 Ubuntu 中也以<ulink url="http://www.kubuntu.org">Kubuntu</ulink> 和 <ulink url="http://www.xubuntu.org">Xubuntu</ulink>两个项目分别出现。你甚至可以通过它们来安装一个仅使用 KDE 或 Xfce 桌面环境的 Ubuntu 系统。</para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="version-numbers" status="review">
                    <title>版本和发行号</title>
                        <para>Ubuntu 的版本号取决于其版本的发行日期。其编号为发行日期的年份和月份，而不是通常的软件版本号。</para>
                        <para>我们的首个发行版(Warty Warthog)发布于 2004 年 10 月，因此它的版本是 4.10。此版本( Jaunty Jackalope)发布于 2009 年 4 月，因此它的版本号为 9.04。</para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="ubuntu-backing-support" status="review">
                    <title>赞助和支持</title>
                        <para>Ubuntu 由一个快速壮大的社区进行维护。该项目得到了由 Mark Shuttleworth 创建的控股公司－<ulink url="http://www.canonical.com">Canonical Ltd.</ulink>的资助。Canonical 雇佣了 Ubuntu 核心开发人员，并为 Ubuntu 提供支持和咨询服务。</para>
            <para>Canonical Ltd. 还赞助了其它一些开源软件项目，相关信息可以在 <ulink url="http://www.canonical.com">Canonical 网站</ulink> 上找到。</para>
                </sect1>

<sect1 id="upgrade" status="review">
<title>我如何升级到最新版的 Ubuntu？</title>
<para>每 6 个月 Ubuntu 就会发布新版本；当有新版可供下载时更新管理器会通知您。要检查新版本：</para>

<procedure>
    <step>
    <para>打开软件源(<menuchoice><guimenu>系统</guimenu><guimenuitem>系统管理</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>软件源</guimenuitem></menuchoice>)然后选择 <guilabel>更新</guilabel> 标签。</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>在<guilabel>发行版本升级</guilabel>下, 确定<guilabel>普通版本</guilabel>已被选择，然后单击<guibutton>关闭</guibutton>。</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>打开系统管理器(<menuchoice><guimenu>系统</guimenu><guimenuitem>系统管理</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>更新管理器</guimenuitem></menuchoice>), 单击 <guibutton>检查</guibutton> 如果提示的话输入密码。等待可用的更新下载完毕。</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>当新版本的 Ubuntu 发布时，窗口上方会出现关于有新版本发布的提示。</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>要升级到最新的版本，您需要保存好您的文档并单击更新管理器中的 <guibutton>升级</guibutton> 按钮。</para>
    </step>
</procedure>

<para>版本升级通常会花费一段时间才能完成。典型情况下，必须下载并安装大约700MB的软件包，但实际大小依赖于您计算机上已经安装的软件包数量。</para>

<para>您只能从第二新的版本升级到 Ubuntu 的最新版。如果您有一个较旧的版本，您必须升级到下一个版本，然后继续升级，直到最新版。例如，7.10 版的用户必须升级到 8.04 版，然后才能升级到 8.10 版。但对于 LTS(长期支持)版例外。您可以从前一个 LTS 版直接升级到当前版本。</para>

<sect2 id="upgrade-development" status="review">
    <title>升级到开发版</title>
    <para>如果您想在正式发布前安装和测试开发中的最新版本Ubuntu，按下<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2update-manager -c -d </keycap></keycombo></para>

    <caution>
    <para>开发版经常存在软件包破损及其他问题。只有当您准备好修复这些问题时才去安装开发版。</para>
    </caution>
</sect2>
</sect1>

            <sect1 id="about-linux" status="review">
            <title>Linux 是什么？</title>
            <para><ulink url="http://www.kernel.org">Linux 内核</ulink> 是 Ubuntu 操作系统的核心。内核是操作系统的一个重要的组成部分，提供了硬件与软件之间交流通信的桥梁。</para>
            <para>Linux 诞生于 1991 年，由芬兰学生 Linus Torvalds 发起。当时，它仅能够运行在 i386 系统之上，本质上是一个独立编写的 UNIX 内核克隆之作，旨在充分利用当时全新的 i386 架构。</para>
            <para>如今，几乎所有现代计算机构架上都能运行 Linux，这需要归功于一大批来自世界各地的人们所付出的开发。</para>
            <para>Linux内核不仅在技术上占有一席之地，还在意识上占有重要位置。有一整个社群的人相信自由软件的理念，并花费大量时间帮助开源技术，使之臻于完美。</para>
            <para>这个社区中的人们引发了不计其数的软件项目的诞生，比如 Ubuntu、决定互联网开发的标准委员会、像 Mozilla Foundation (负责创建 Mozilla Firefox) 那样的组织等等。几乎可以肯定，这些项目曾让您受益。</para>
            <para>开源精神，通常认为始于 Linux，正在深刻影响着各地的软件开发者和用户，他们驱使着各个社区朝着共同的目标前进。</para>
        </sect1>
        <sect1 id="about-gnu" status="review">
            <title>GNU 是什么？</title>
            <para><emphasis>GNU 项目</emphasis> 由 Richard Stallman 于 1984 年 1 月发起，目的是为了开发一套由自由软件构成的完整的 UNIX 风格操作系统：GNU 系统。使用 Linux 内核的各种 GNU 操作系统的变体目前已被广泛使用。</para>
            <para>GNU 项目和自由软件的理念紧密相连，它也是衍生自 GNU 的、诸如 Ubuntu 等项目的关键所在。自由软件这一概念的说明参见 <xref linkend="free-software"/>。</para>
            </sect1>

</article>